One of the Ten Titles about Buddha -- Teacher of Heavens and Humans

 

Author: Tao Qing Hsu

                                                                                                                    

The general meaning of Teacher of Heavens and Humans

The word Teacher of Heavens and Humans is translated from the Chinese and it is translated from the Sanskrit "sasta dena - manusyanam". Generally speaking, it means that the Buddha is good at teaching sentient beings what they should do and what they should not do, as well as what is good and what is not good. If all sentient beings can follow the Buddha's teachings and not deviate from the right path, they will be able to be free from their troubles and to liberate themselves from sufferings of life and death. 

The explanation of Teacher of Heavens and Humans said by Buddha

In the Buddhist Scripture--The Scripture of the Ten Titles Said by Buddha, the Buddha explained what the Teacher of Heavens and Humans  meant:

Why was it called the Teacher of Heavens and Humans? The Buddha said. It is not to be the teacher for Ananda of one Bhiksu. All Bhiksus and Bhiksuni. And Upasaka and Upasika. And the heavens and humans. The Srmana and Brahmin. The demon king and the outside Dao. All the heavens of Sakras, Brahmas and Dragons had returned their missions and relied on the teachings to pursue and follow it and all became disciples of the Buddha. It was hence named the Teacher of Heavens and Humans.

Further explanation for Teacher of Heavens and Humans

From this paragraph, we know that the Buddha is the teacher of all beings, no matter these beings are humans or non-humans, no matter they are heaven beings or non-heaven beings, no matter they are monks or nuns, no matter they are residence-scholars or residence-learners in Buddhism,  no matter their status are and no matter they are in the Dao of Buddhism or not in the Dao of Buddhism. That is, no matter what their races, appearances, colors, forms, non-forms, religions, and beliefs are, they all finally return to their missions and rely on the teachings of Buddha. Meanwhile, they finally pursue and follow the teachings of Buddha, and become the disciples of the Buddha.  

The explanation of the words in the content

The word Dao is translated from Chinese into English. Dao means path or way. The meaning of Dao is extended to be the truth of practicing in life, belief and religion. Dao is Tao. Bhiksu and Bhiksuni, Upasaka and Upasika, are Sanskrit. Bhiksu and Bhiksuni means monk and nun. In historical India, those who left the home and pursued and practiced the truth of life were called  Bhiksu and Bhiksuni, no matter what their beliefs and religions were. Generally speaking, they did not reside in a fixed place and always stayed under a tree.  And, those who did not leave the home, and pursued and practiced the truth of life at home, were called Upasaka and Upasika. That is, Upasaka is the residence-scholar of male or residence-learner of male. Upasika is the residence-scholar of female or residence-learner of female.

The following explanations for Srmana and Brahmin  are referred to on the Internet. Srmana and Brahmin are Sanskrit. Srmana is a person "who labors, toils, or exerts themselves for some higher or religious purpose" or "seeker, one who performs acts of austerity, ascetic". Brahmin is a varna (caste) within Hindu society. Traditionally, Brahmins are accorded the highest ritual status of the four social classes, and they also served as spiritual teachers. 

The heavens of Sakras, Brahmas and Dragons are the beings in heavens according to the records of historical India. According to our current understanding, they are sentient beings belonging to different dimensions of space and time. Meanwhile, they have lifespan and will experience reincarnation after the ending of their life. They have the huge blessings and are in the position of Bodhisattva (Pusa; Bosa).  However, they have not yet achieved Buddhahood. They always do their best to support the teachings of Buddha and to practice Buddhism. 

From Buddhist scripture, we can see the Buddha Shakyamuni spoke the Buddha-Law for the heavenly beings.

The Buddha Shakyamuni can be the teacher of humans. There is no doubt. However, from which scripture can we know that the Buddha Shakyamuni can be the teacher of heavenly beings? In some of the Buddhist scripture, it mentioned that the Buddha Shakyamuni was into the state of Zen-steady and went up the heaven to spoke the scripture for the heavenly beings, such as the Buddhist scripture --The Scripture of The Virtue and Merit of The Original Vow of The Bodhisattva Land-Treasure (Pusa Land-Treasure; Pusa Land-Hidden; The treasure is hidden in the land. Pusa is Bodhisattva). The Buddha Shakyamuni went up to the Daoli heaven (Trayastriṃśa) to speak this Buddhist scripture for his mother and the family members. His mother passed away after the Buddha Shakyamuni was born, and then she reincarnated in the Daoli Heaven (Trayastriṃśa) and enjoyed blessings. In other Buddhist scripture, it also mentioned that the Buddha Shakyamuni went up to the Daoli heaven to speak scripture for the heavenly Bodhisattvas (Pusas).

Except for this, in the great-boarding classic scripture, when the Buddha Shakyamuni spoke the scripture, the countless heavenly Pusas and beings, and the countless Pusas who appeared from the different worlds of all Buddhas, would attend the law-congregation to listen to what the spoken and taught by Buddha Shakyamuni. Furthermore, the Buddha Shakyamuni spoke the scripture for kings and his family members of all heavens and the earth. Such as this scripture -- Lotus scripture, there were countless sons of different heavens flown to attend the law-congregation so as to listen to the Buddha’s teaching. Pusa is Bodhisattva. Law-congregation means that the Buddha spoke the Buddha-Law for all beings in one place. 

From Buddhist scripture, we can see the Buddha Shakyamuni spoke the Buddha-Law for the king on the earth.

There also exists such a kind of Buddhist scripture that the Buddha Shakyamuni spoke the scripture for the king who lived on earth. As we have mentioned that the word Buddha is just a title. The meaning of Buddha is similar to the saint. That is, they already have good cultivation in moral and ethical aspects. Meanwhile, they are capable to save, teach and reform all beings to liberate them from sufferings of life and death. 

In conclusion

From the above explanation, we know why the Buddha was capable of being the teacher of heavens and humans. Please keep following this blog, we will explore more and deeply why the Buddha is the Teacher of Heavens and Humans.

One of the Ten Titles about Buddha—Supreme-Scholar

 

Author: Tao Qing Hsu (Hsu, Tao-qing)

 

The definition and explanation of Supreme-Scholar

 

The Title Supreme-Scholar—its Sanskrit is anuttara-- is based on and derived from the title World-Understanding. The link is One of the Ten Titles about Buddha—World-Understanding.

 

In The Scripture of the Ten Titles Said by Buddha, it is mentioned that:

Moreover, all the two-legged, four-legged, many-legged and no-legged in the other world, the all heavens of desire and color, the heavens of thoughts and no thoughts, the heavens of neither thinking nor non-thinking, and supposing to be the mortal or the sage, in all these sentient beings, only the Buddha was the first, the most supreme and no grade. It was thus named the Supreme-Scholar.

 

This paragraph “All the two-legged, four-legged, many-legged and no-legged in the other world, the all heavens of desire and color, the heavens of thoughts and no thoughts, the heavens of neither thinking nor non-thinking, and supposing to be the mortal or the sage, in all these sentient beings” means the Three Realm and Six Paths – the Desire Realm, the Color Realm and the Colorless Realm. The Related introduction and explanation you can refer to the link: One of the Ten Titles about Buddha—World-Understanding. The meaning “no grade” you can refer to the link: Let heart in peace, no fear and affliction any more (Updated on 2019/07/11). The content what the link is very abundant, it needs to take time and patient to read and understand it.

 

Realizing the emptiness in the void of heart makes our heart beyond the world.

 

When we realize the emptiness in the void of heart, we will realize there is no grade, no comparison, no binary opposition, no confrontation, no fight, no argue, no competitive and no accusation in our true self-nature. It makes our heart beyond the world. Meanwhile, we will realize that the grade, comparison, binary opposition, confrontation, fight, argue, and competitive, any accusation and any definition are caused by any outside and inside conscious, mind and phenomena, even are to be manipulated by people with intention or cunning smart or scheming mindset. 

 

No matter the mortal or the sage was, in all these sentient beings, only the Buddha was the first, the most supreme and no grade. It was thus named the Supreme-Scholar.

 

Beyond the worlds, there is no grade in the vast, silence, emptiness and void. However, the Buddha was also one of the beings, his heart did not leave the worlds and was able to enter in and go out the worlds freely. Therefore, if we compare what the level of the mortal or the sage in any realm was, such as the ability of saving the self and others, and the blessing, wisdom, empathy, and sympathy, etc., the Buddha was the first and the most supreme. Then, we understand that the first and the most supreme are also meant to no grade. That is because there is no highest rather than it and there is no comparing to each other in the realm of the vast, silence and emptiness.

 

The Buddha’s mind is unattached, as pure and untainted as the void.

 

The Buddha can truly understand that the world of the Three Realms and Six Paths in which is the thought and non-thought, non-perception and non-non-perception, non-boundary and non-non-boundary, non-boundless and non-non-boundless, Buddha-law and non-Buddha-law (Dharma and non-Dharma), permanent and non-permanent, constant and non-constant, non-going and non-non-going, grade and non-grade, non-grade and non-non-grade, etc., and he also knows all transcendental Buddha-law (Dharmas) that it is beyond the worlds of the Three Realms and Six Paths. The Buddha’s mind is unattached, as pure and untainted as the void.

 

How to understand the word Supreme-Scholar?

 

The word Supreme-Scholar also can be understood or replaced by the word Supreme-Gentler, Supreme-Lady, or Supreme-Nobler. We can understand it by the metaphor of the Doctor or Master. For example, those who have graduated from a doctoral program in a university are respectfully called Doctor, and those who have graduated from Buddhist studies and learning Buddha are respectfully called Supreme-Scholar. How to learn Buddha and how to know the basic knowledge of learning Buddha, you can refer to the following link of various articles:

Talk about and Comment on Buddhist Scripture

 

What the wealth and noble the humankind have pursued and owned is visible and obvious, and is the impermanent.

Pursuing to graduate from a well-known university, engaging in an enviable job, earning a lot of money, having a good income, or having the prosperity and the high status in the career, it belongs to the visible wealth and noble. All of these things are impermanent and like floating clouds and bubbles which are easily disappeared at any time. Unfortunately, many people fall from the clouds into the abyss because of greedy and unjust in heart or because of unlucky fate caused by lacking of the good knowledge, wisdom and compassion.

Achieving the Buddhahood is the invisible and hidden wealth and noble, and is the permanent.

When we graduate from the examination of studying Buddhism and learning Buddha, the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas in the sky and the void will show up and come to confirm us. That is, the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas who have appeared in the ten-direction worlds and beyond the worlds, these graduates, these senior brothers and sisters, will come to confirm us and congratulate us. At this time, we will be conferred the title of Supreme-Scholar. Then, we have the qualify to engage in the vocation of Buddha. Graduating from studying Buddhism and learning Buddha and engaging in the vocation of Buddha is an invisible and hidden wealth and noble. The Buddha indeed owned the huge wealth and noble. It is the permanent. Few people know this. If you are lucky to know it at present, it is good for you to cherish the opportunity to learn Buddha. There is a historic Chinese verse and I translate it from Chinese into English as follows:

 

All in heaven and on earth is not like Buddha,

The ten-direction worlds are also incomparable,

Everything in the world I have seen fully,

There is nothing which is like Buddha.

 

I hope we are able to learn Buddha together, be blessed by all Buddhas in ten directions and go on the path of Bodhi hand by hand, in our each life of the present and future.

The Scripture of the Ten Titles Said by Buddha (Updated on May 23, 2024)

The ancient translator: Master Devasantika, Buddhist monk, Since A.D. Unknown to A.D.1000, born in North India, Jalandhara. Master Devasantika accepted the ancient emperor's order to translate this Buddhist scripture from Sanskrit into Chinese.

The modern translator: Tao Qing Hsu, Buddhist-at-home, not Buddhist nun, born and living in Taiwan. She has translated this Buddhist scripture from Chinese into English since the year of 2023 AD.

 

　　

Tathagata, Should-Make-Offerings, True-Equality-Enlightenment, Brightness-Action-Feet, Good-Death, World-Understanding, Supreme-Scholar, Man-Tamer, Teacher-of-Heavens-and-Humans, Buddha, and World-Venerable-One.

 

Ananda spoke and said. Why was it called Tathagata? The Buddha told Bhiksu. In the past, when I was a Pusa in the cause position, I had experienced to practice various deeds. In order to seek the supreme truly equality and truly enlightenment, now I have attained Bodhi, Nirvana and all truth. By the Eight Sage Paths truly see what the proved. It was named Tathagata. Just like those, who attained the truly equality and truly enlightenment in the past, tamed and rested the mind so as to achieve nirvana. It was named Tathagata.

 

Why was it called Should-Make-Offerings? The Buddha said. In the past, when I was in the cause rank, the good laws, solemn and majestic appearance, and the classified of precepts were practiced. The strength of the ten good roots was cultivated so as to make it increased. Thus consummately practicing and learning to attain the ultimate rank. When achieve the Nirvana, cut off and end all worries. To make the body, mouth and mind clean and untainted. Forever destroy worries. Such as to break the head-root of Tala tree, make it never sprout buds. Furthermore, due to ending the worries of greed, anger, and obsession, all the toward-going would never produce the fruition and generate. It was beyond the law of bitter fruitions of the four difficulties of birth (living), aging, illness and dying. The two seeds of confusion and suffering would never be produced. It was established the name of Should-Make-Offerings. Furthermore, make all the clothes, bedding, food and drink, soups and medicines, banners, flags, precious canopies, fragrant flowers, lamps and fruits in the world, and the highest thing in heaven and earth be offered to the Buddha. Obtain the blessing of supreme wealth and auspiciousness. It was the name of Should-Make-Offerings.

 

Why was it called the True-Equality-Enlightenment? The Buddha said. The Tathagata possessed all wisdom. There was nothing all over the places that could not be understood and known. Take the four thought places, four right breakings, four spiritual feet, five roots, five strengths, seven factors of enlightenment, eight sage paths, twelve causalities, and the four reason laws, etc., such were the laws. Equally enlighten all sentient beings. Make them arise the wisdom, cut off the confusion, and attain the in-flaw fruition, one-come-and-go fruition, never-come-again fruition and the no-birthing fruition. Possess the three kinds of brightness and six kinds of spiritual openness. Furthermore, in the great boarding (Mahayana), make the meaning and think the requesting so as to experience and practice all the status. Cut off the knots’ habits and attain the supreme enlightenment. This name was the True-Equality-and-True-Enlightenment.

 

Why was it called Brightness-Action-Feet? The Buddha said. The brightness meant that the brightness of heavenly eye, the brightness of experienced and predestined destinies, and the brightness of leak- ended. What the meaning of the action feet was the Karma of the Tathagata’s body, mouth, and mind. Good at practicing the consummate of possessing feet, the rightly truth and clearly clean. Such as owning a large clothing and bowl, etc., being able to perceive and reflect it at ease but without loving or attaching it. In all actions of the voluntary strength, practice them so as to make them consummate to possess the feet. It was named Brightness-Action-Feet.

Why was it called the Good Death? The Buddha said. That is the meaning of marvelous going. Such as greed, anger, obsession, etc., dragging all sentient beings towards the other evil going. This is not named good death. Tathagata's right wisdom was capable to eliminate all confusion. Wonderfully appearing and beyond the world can go toward the Buddha-fruition. It was hence named Good Death.

 

Why was it called the World-Understanding and the Supreme-Scholar? The Buddha said. What the world means. It was called the desire realm, the color realm, and the colorless realm. And the hells, the hungry ghosts and the brutes, etc., that sort of things. Each had its own form aggregate, feeling aggregate, thought aggregate, action aggregate and consciousness aggregate. And the root of the eyes, the root of the ears, the root of the nose, the root of the tongue, the root of the body, and the root of the mind. And all the laws of that six consciousnesses and of that realms of thereon depending and so on. It was called the world. Truly enlightenment and truly knowing was called World-Understanding.

 

Moreover, all the two-legged, four-legged, many-legged and no-legged in the other world, the all heavens of desire and color, the heavens of thoughts and no thoughts, the heavens of neither thinking nor non-thinking, and supposing to be the mortal or the sage, in all these sentient beings, only the Buddha was the first, the most supreme and no grade. It was thus named the Supreme-Scholar.

 

Why was it  called Man-Tamer? The Buddha said. Buddha was a great man. And it could harmonize and rule the two sorts of good and evil things. The evil one made the three karmas of not good arise. And doing all the evil thus depraved oneself into the hells, hungry ghosts and brutes therefore gained the evil retribution. A good person practiced all good deeds in body, mouth and mind. Obtain blessings fruition from human and heaven. All good and evil were done by the mind. The Buddha used the law of nirvana of the good of the first meaning. It demonstrated the harmonizing and ruling to make beings leave the contaminated and filth and thus gained the supreme silent and eliminated Nirvana. Therefore, it was called Man-Tamer.

 

Why was it called the Teacher of Heavens and Humans? The Buddha said. It is not to be the teacher for Ananda of one bhiksu. All Bhiksus and Bhiksuni. And Upasaka and Upasika. And the heavens and humans. The Srmana and Brahmin. The demon king and the outside Dao. All the heavens of Sakras, Brahmas and Dragons had returned their missions and relied on the teachings to pursue and follow it and all became disciples of the Buddha. It was hence named the Teacher of Heavens and Humans.

 

Why was it called Buddha? Its wisdom possesses the adequately three enlightenments and the consummate and the brightness. It was hence named Buddha.

 

The Buddha told Ananda. I had done the practicing of regularly-walking in the past. A Brahmin came and asked me. Why did your parents name you Buddha? The Buddha immediately answered. That what the world understands and knows can be understood and known by me. That what the world perceives can also be perceived by me. That what the world can eliminate can also be eliminated by me. I have all wisdom and all understanding. I have experienced my lives since the countless kalpas. All kinds of practice are far away from dust and dirt. Now I have achieved the supreme Bodhi. Therefore, the name of Buddha was established.

 

Why was it called the World Venerable One? The Buddha said. When I was in the cause rank, I investigated myself to perceive all good laws. Precepts’ laws, mind’s laws, and wisdom’s laws. And I also perceived the laws of not good of the greed and so on. It could incur all sufferings of having generated and eliminated and so on. Used the wisdom without leakage to break through those worries and gained supreme enlightenment. That was why heavens, humans, mortals and saints. Those who transcended the world and those who were in the world respected him. Therefore, it was called World Venerable One.

Annotation: Pusa is transliterated from Chinese. It means Bodhisattva.  

 

Chapter 14: Ask about the goodness and grandest

(Chapter 14 ) A Brief Talk about The Scripture of Forty-Two Chapters Said by Buddha

Co-translators in the time of Eastern Han Dynasty, China(A.D. 25 - 200) : Kasyapa Matanga and Zhu Falan (Who translated the said Scripture from Sanskrit into Chinese. )

Translator in modern time (A.D.2018: Tao Qing Hsu (Who translated the said Scripture from Chinese into English.)

Teacher and writer for explaining the said Scripture: Tao Qing Hsu 

Chapter 14: Ask about the goodness and grandest  

 

A Sramana asked the Buddha: ” What is the goodness? What is the grandest?” The Buddha replied,” Putting the Dao into the practice and obeying the truth is the goodness. Combining the aspiration and Dao is the grandest.”

The meaning of the goodness and the grandest in different belief might have the different explanation. Whether it is reasonable or acceptable or not, it is dependent on our own mind. No matter what it is, be sure that we would not be kidnapped by any concept, even the concept of Buddha.  

In the concept of Buddha, he said that putting the Dao into the practice and obeying the truth is the goodness. And combing the aspiration and Dao is the grandest.

Then, we might have the further questions. What is the Dao and what is the truth? This is the question in the question. Does it confuse you?

As we have explained about what is the meaning of the Dao before, “Dao” is “Tao” which is transliterated from Chinese character and its original meaning is path, road or way. Then, its meaning is broadened to be any education system or theory, or any teaching of any beliefs.  

In Buddhism, we could classify the Dao as three meanings or explanations which are from narrow to wide.

The first meaning or explanation for the Dao

The first meaning or explanation for the Dao is defined by Buddha Sakyamuni in Chapter 2, which is as follows:

Chapter 2: Cutting off the desire and no demanding

The Buddha said, “Those who go out of the family, become the Sramana, cut off the desire, remove the love, recognize the source of their own heart, reach the profound principle of the Buddha, realize the law of no-doing, have nothing being gained inside, have nothing being demanded outside, not to fasten the Dao in heart, nor to collect the karma, have no thoughts, have the no-doing, are non-practicing, are non-proving, not to experience the successive levels, but reach the own loftiest state of all, are called the Dao.”

The more explanation which you can refer to Chapter 2: Cutting off the desire and no demanding.

The Dao in Chapter 2 is original for the Buddhist monk or nun and its function of the Dao is for self-practicing, self-improving and self-acting. Even though we are not Buddhist monk or nun, it doesn’t mean that we cannot accept such Dao taught by Buddha. 

If we could put such Dao into the practice and obey or maintain the truth, it is the goodness. And if we combine our aspiration and such Dao, it is the grandest.

What is the truth? You can refer to Let heart in peace, no fear and affliction any more (Updated on 2019/07/11). In different level and in the different stand, there are different explanations for the truth. Therefore, be sure not to be hindered by any explanation or concept of truth, even the concept of emptiness.

Such Dao is not easy to be understood, let alone to be self-practicing. So the Buddha had ever said that the sentient beings on the earth are not easy to be taught, because they have the more evil karma and the less bliss. In other word, the most of the sentient beings on the earth are lack of compassion, empathy and wisdom. In the history, there are a lot of wars and oppression occurred by the human beings. That is also why the most of human beings are in the terrible life and in the suffering.

Only when people could completely understand and practice the Dao in Chapter 2 as defined, they therefore could understand and practice the following meaning of Dao.

What is the aspiration? In Buddhism, the aspiration is to attain the Buddhahood, to become Buddha.

The second meaning or explanation for the Dao - the Dao of Bodhisattva

The second meaning or explanation for the Dao is the Dao of Bodhisattva, which is also meant to the path of Bodhisattva.

What is the meaning of Bodhisattva?

When someone follows the path of Buddha, however, it has not yet completely enlightened, and still has some obstacles in heart about nuisance and what as known. Even though this, it can use its strength of kindness and empathy to save  sentient beings to liberate from suffering. We call such person “Bodhisattva” for honor it. In Chinese language, we call it “Pusa” or “Busa”, which is transliterated from Chinese word and its original language is also from Sanskrit.

So, what is the Dao of Bodhisattva? It means that a person who really puts the Dao as said in Chapter 2 into the practice. And on the basis of such Dao as said in Chapter 2, it has compassionate vows and sublime aspiration so as to help and save people or sentient beings to liberate from suffering. Even though the person has almost completely removed its personal bad habit, such as greedy, hatred, resentment, stupid-obsession, and doubt, however, some of the remaining bad habits are still there, have not yet completely gone, and which thus could cause minor troubles and obstacles for him or her. 

Going on the path of Bodhisattva is not only meant to the Buddhist monk or nun, but also meant to the person who learns Buddha and not leave the family. Some translators use the word” layperson” to call the non-monk and non-nun who learn Buddha, but, I do not use this word. I prefer to use the word” residence-scholar, house-scholar or living-scholar”, which indicates that those persons learn Buddha well in family. They are not leaving the family to learn Buddha. Meanwhile, comparing to Buddhist monk or nun, they own more difficulty to learn Buddha. In Buddhist Scripture, the Bodhisattva of house-scholar (residence-scholar, living-scholar) is also called virtuous scholar. That is mentioned from The Sutra of Upasaka’s Precepts.

In a word, Bodhisattva has not only been liberating and enlightening in its own heart , but also has the compassionate strength to enlighten human beings and save sentient beings to liberate from suffering.

Therefore, if we could put such Dao into the practice and obey or maintain the truth, it is also the goodness. And if we combine our aspiration and such Dao, it is also the grandest.

In Buddhist scripture, the Buddha Sakyamuni had mentioned a lot of Bodhisattva. Each Bodhisattva has its own name and they are recognized as some kind of god or spirit, because they have the wonderful and spiritual power. Secondly, Bodhisattva is not the patent on the earth. There are thousand and thousand worlds in the universe and in the different dimensional spaces. Except for the earth, there is also a lot of Bodhisattva in such worlds which we don’t know. In other word, there is Bodhisattva in the alien.

Bodhisattva would use diverse methods or concept or speech to help or save human beings. In the concept of Buddhism, as long as the person who practices and talks about the concept of the Dao as mentioned above, it is recognized as Bodhisattva, whatever its belief or its name is called.     

The third meaning or explanation for the Dao - the Dao of Buddha

The third meaning or explanation for the Dao is the Dao of Buddha, which is also meant to the path of Buddha.

What is the meaning of Buddha?

When someone has totally enlightened, liberated from the suffering through the highly wisdom, and known all truth, meanwhile, has no longer fear and obstacle in heart, and can also use its great power of kindness and empathy to save all sentient beings, and thus let them liberate from the suffering in life and death, we call such person “Buddha” for honor it. In Chinese language, we call it “Fo” or “Fu”, which is transliterated from Chinese word and its original language is also from Sanskrit.

Therefore, if one person completely attain the Buddhahood and become a Buddha, he or her will be in the Dao of Buddha, the path of Buddha. That also means that he or her has completely get rid of the Six-Paths Reincarnation.  

If we become Buddha and we have really been acting in such Dao and obey or maintain the truth, it is the goodness. And we combine our aspiration and such Dao, it is the grandest.

To become Buddha and act in the path of Buddha is the goal which we want to achieve, if our aspiration is to learn Buddha.

In the Buddha’s teaching, there are the shallow meaning and the deep meaning, and the narrow meaning and the wide meaning. Therefore, don’t be hindered by any one of the meanings taught by Buddha. Whatever it is, as long as it can let us accept it and put it into the practice in our daily life, it is the goodness and grandest for us.

Supplementary note: Dao is transliterated from Chinese, meaning way and method, deeper meaning as a system of learning or religion. Dao is Tao, which is transliterated from Chinese. The original meaning of Dao is the way and path, and it is extended to be the truth of life that we can learn and practice in our lives.